Imru' al-Qais
Imruʾ al-Qais Junduh bin Hujr al-Kindi () was a pre-Islamic Arabian poet from najd in the late fifth and early sixth centuries and also the last King of Kinda. He is sometimes considered the father of Arabic poetry. His qaṣīda, or long poem, "Let us stop and weep" ( ''qifā nabki'') is one of the seven Mu'allaqat, poems prized as the best examples of pre-Islamic Arabian verse. Imru' al-Qais was born in the Al-Qassim Region of northern Arabia sometime in the early 6th century. His father was said to be Hujr bin al-Harith ( ''Ḥujr ibn al-Ḥārith''), the Kindan regent over the Arab tribes of Asad and Ghatafan, and it is believed that Imru' al-Qais was born in the territory of Asad. His mother was said to be Fatimah bint Rabi'ah al-Taghlibi ( / ''Fāṭimah bint Rabī‘ah al-Taghlibī'').Legend has it that Imru' al-Qais was the youngest of his father's sons, and began composing poetry while he was still a child. His father strongly disapproved of this habit in his son, believing poetry to be an unseemly pastime for the son of a king. His father also disapproved of Imru' al-Qais' scandalous lifestyle of drinking and chasing women and eventually banished him from his kingdom, or so the legend goes. But later, when the Asad rebelled and assassinated his father, Imru' al-Qais was the only one of his brothers to take responsibility for avenging his death. Renouncing wine and women, he fought the tribe of Asad until he had exacted revenge in blood, and spent the remainder of his life trying to regain his father's kingdom.
Like many figures of early Arabia, which at that time lacked a formal writing system and relied on the oral transmission of stories, the details of the life of Imru' al-Qais are hard to determine with any certainty. Even so, historians have been able to compare the various stories written down by later biographers with clues from Imru' al-Qais' poems and information about major historical events in the Sasanian and Byzantine Empires to reconstruct a probable account of the life and ancestry of this most famous of the Jahili poets.
According to one account, his full name and ancestry was Imru' al-Qais, son of Hujr, son of al-Harith, son of 'Amr, son of Hujr the eater of bitter herbs, son of Mu'awiyya, son of Thawr of the tribe of Kinda (Arabic: ). He was also referred to as "the Lost King" ( ''al-Malik aḍ-Ḍalīl'') because he was never able to recover his father's throne. Provided by Wikipedia
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83Hādhā Sharḥ dīwān Imruʼ al-Qays ibn Ḥajar al-Kindīهذا شرح ديوان امرؤ القيس بن حجر الكنديby Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545
Published 1890
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84by Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545
Published 1824
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85by Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545
Published 1819
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86by Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545
Published 1906
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89Alabo gu dai shi xuan /阿拉伯古代诗选 /
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92Imruʾ al-Qays, amīr al-shiʻr al-ʻArabī fī al-Jāhilīyah : dirāsah adabīyah li-shiʻrihi wa-sharḥ dīwānihi /Other Authors: “...Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545...”امرؤ القيس، امير الشعر العربي في الجاهلية : دراسة ادبية لشعره وشرح ديوانه /
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93by Aʻlam al-Shantamarī, Yūsuf ibn Sulaymān, 1019 or 1020-1083 or 1084Other Authors: “...Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545...”
Published 1974
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98Sharḥ Dīwān raʾīs al-shuʻarāʾ Abī al-Ḥarith, al-shahīr bi-Imriʾ al-Qays Ibn Ḥajar al-Kindī /شرح ديوان رئيس الشعراء ابي الحرث، الشهير بامرئ القيس ابن حجر الكندي /by Baṭalyawsī, ʻĀṣim ibn Ayyūb, -1100 or 1101Other Authors: “...Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545...”
Published 1906
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99Aḥsan al-sabk fī sharḥ Qifā nabk : aʻnī muʻallaqat malik al-shuʻarāʾ Imruʾ al-Qays ibn Ḥajar al-Kindī /أحسن السبك في شرح قفا نبك : أعني معلقة أمير الشعراء امرؤ القيس بن حجر الكندي /by Bahādur, Muḥammad Yār JankOther Authors: “...Imruʾ al-Qays, 497-545...”
Published 1941
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100Imruʼ al-Qays al-Kindī : shāʻir al-ʻArabīyah al-awwal : sīrah wa-mukhtārāt /إمرؤ القيس الكندي : شاعر العربية الاول : سيرة ومختارات /by Manāṣirah, ʻIzz al-DīnOther Authors: “...Imruʼ al-Qays, 497-545...”
Published 2012
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