A history of children's play and play environments : toward a contemporary child-saving movement /

A history of children's play and play environments : toward a contemporary child-saving movement /

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Children's play has historically been free, spontaneous, interwined with work, and set in the playgrounds of the wilderness, fields, streams, and barnyards. Children in cities enjoyed similar forms of play but their playgrounds were the vacant lands, parks and surrounding countryside or seashor...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Frost, Joe L
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: New York : Routledge, 2010
New York, NY : 2010
New York : 2010
Subjects:
Child development > United States
Early childhood education
Play
Play and Playthings
Child development
United States
Table of Contents:
  • Early Historical Views on Children's Play
  • Play and Play Environments in Early America
  • The Early Child-Saving Movement : Shame of the Cities
  • The Evolution of the Play and Playground Movement
  • Play and the Child Study Movement : Nursery schools, kindergartens, and the developmental approach to play
  • Play During Hard Times : The Great Depression
  • Natural, Built, and Adventure Play Environments : Back to Nature
  • The Value of Play and the Consequences of Play Deprivation
  • Toward a Contemporary Child-Saving Movement
  • List of Figures
  • List of Tables
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Introduction
  • 1. Early Historical Views on Children's Play
  • 2. Play and Play Environments in Early America
  • 3. The Early Child-Saving Movement : Shame of the Cities
  • 4. The Evolution of the Play and Playground Movement
  • 5. Play and the Child Study Movement : Nursery
  • 6. Play During Hard Times : The Great Depression
  • 7. Natural, Built, and Adventure Play Environments : Back to Nature
  • 8. The Value of Play and the Consequences of Play Deprivation
  • 9. Toward a Contemporary Child-Saving Movement
  • References
  • Index
  • 1 Early Historical Views on Children's Play 9
  • Children's Play in Ancient Greece and Rome 9
  • The Play of Medieval Children 13
  • Irrational Play, Child Abuse, and Accidents in Medieval Times 17
  • Reformation and Renaissance Philosophers/Educators on Play 19
  • Pre-modern Philosophers on Play 22
  • Friedrich Froebel: The Architect of the Kindergarten or "Garden for Children" 26
  • Linking the Contributions of Early Scholars 31
  • 2 Play and Play Environments in Early America 34
  • Play and Play Environments of Native American and Early Settlers' Children 35
  • The Changing Picture of Early Colonists' Play 38
  • Girls at Play in Nineteenth Century New England 39
  • Boys at Play in Nineteenth Century New England 42
  • Playing in the Country: Hunting, Fishing, War, and Recess 44
  • The Western Frontier: Work, Play, Muddy Roads, and Wilderness 47
  • The Play of Slave Children: "Play Is Fun, Work Is Hard" 54
  • Culture, Circumstance, and Play 60
  • 3 The Early Child-Saving Movement: Shame of the Cities 62
  • Victims of a Stolen Childhood 63
  • Irrational Play: Begging, Picking Pockets, and Outwitting the Police 66
  • Settlement Houses and Playgrounds for the Poor 69
  • Orphan Trains, Farms, Coal Mines, and Factories 73
  • Enduring Elements of the Child-Saving Movement 75
  • Setting the Stage for a Twenty-First Century Child-Saving Movement 82
  • 4 The Evolution of the Play and Playground Movement 84
  • Early New York: "City Where Crime Is Play" 85
  • The Many Faces of the Play and Playground Movement 89
  • Stages of Play Environment Development 98
  • The New Psychology and the Institutionalization of Play and Playgrounds 100
  • The Playground Association of America (PAA) 103
  • The Normal Course in Play 105
  • Successes and Limitations of the Play and Playground Movement 108
  • 5 Play and the Child Study Movement: Nursery Schools, Kindergartens, and the Developmental Approach to Play 111
  • Play and Child Development in Kindergartens 112
  • The Child Study Movement and the New Psychology 117
  • Applying the New Psychology to Education 119
  • Play and the "Whole Child" 122
  • Child Development Becomes a Scientific Discipline 126
  • The Emergence of Professional Organizations Advocating Play 132
  • Decades of Promise and Gathering Storms 136
  • 6 Play during Hard Times: The Great Depression 138
  • Bursting the Economic Bubble and the Dreams of Americans 139
  • Pleasant and Not-So-Pleasant Memories 143
  • Stories from Children of the Depression 152
  • Double Trouble: The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl 157
  • Play and Play Environments of City Children during the Depression 163
  • The Awakening 170
  • 7 Natural, Built, and Adventure Play Environments: Back to Nature 173
  • Natural Play Environments: Wilderness, Vacant Lots, Habitats, and Gardens 174
  • Manufactured Apparatus Playgrounds: Steel and Stone 177
  • The Novelty Era: Dennis the Menace 180
  • Adventure Playgrounds: Tools, Pets, Junk, Loose Parts, and Gardens 183
  • The Modern Era: Standardized Playgrounds 190
  • The Postmodern Era of Play Environments: Back to Nature 193
  • 8 The Value of Play and the Consequences of Play Deprivation 198
  • The Rush to Distinction and Mediocrity 199
  • Developmental and Therapeutic Values of Play 202
  • Play, Brain, and Play Deprivation 204
  • Obesity, Illness, and Dying Young 209
  • The Causes of Play Deprivation: A Perfect Storm 214
  • Out-of Control Cyber Play 214
  • The Perpetual Evolution of Safety Standards 220
  • A Litigious Society 223
  • Under-parenting and Over-parenting: Baby Boomers to Generation XXL 228
  • No Child Left Behind: A Flawed Political Mandate 230
  • Needed: A Twenty-First Century Child-Saving Movement 235
  • 9 Toward a Contemporary Child-Saving Movement 237
  • Lessons from the Past 238
  • The Postmodern Era in Children's Play and Play Environments 240
  • Building on the Early Child-Saving Movement 240
  • The Play and Playground Movement 241
  • The School Gardens Movement 242
  • Children's Zoo Movement 244
  • The Nature Study Movement 245
  • The Organized Camping Movement 245
  • The Children's Museum Movement 246
  • Building Ecosystems for Play 248
  • Child Development Centers and Learning and Development through Play 249
  • Expanding the Voice of Play and Play Environments 249
  • Nonprofit Organizations and Coalitions 251
  • Private Foundations 252
  • Enter the Government 253
  • Confronting the Play/Fitness/Health Crisis and Restoring Outdoor Play 256
  • Convincing Adults that Children Need Play at Home and Recess at School 256
  • Countering Pills and Disabilities 257
  • Turning off the Tech Toys 258
  • Getting Children back to Nature 260
  • Equity for Children in Poverty 262
  • From Junk Food to Basic Nutrition 264
  • Getting Parents Active and Emotional: Countering Fear 266
  • Remembering Lessons from History 269

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